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Digital voice (DV) radios are the same as normal analog radio but the vocal sound wave is sampled and converted into digital information (bits) and transmitted in this format.
This provides better audio quality for weak signals and transmits more efficiently than analog (i.e. using less bandwidth).
There are various DV systems and generally they are not compatible with each other. (Examples include D-Star and C4FM).
DV can only be used on certain frequencies so it is important to check the band plan.
DV radios often embed the call sign within the transmission. If using someone else's equipment, or second-hand equipment, you need to make sure to reprogram the call sign.
"Data modes" means transmitting anything other than voice or CW via SSB, FM, AM. This is transmitted digitally like DV.
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