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<!--replace-end-7--><!--replace-end-4--><!--replace-end-1--></head><body><div class="ui fluid container universe"><!--replace-start-2--><!--replace-start-3--><!--replace-start-6--><div class="ui text container" id="zettel-container" style="position: relative"><div class="zettel-view"><article class="ui raised attached segment zettel-content"><div class="pandoc"><h1 id="title-h1">Dates in Python</h1><p>Python’s built-in <code>datetime</code> module provides various classes for manipulating dates and times.</p><h3 id="importing-datetime">Importing <code>datetime</code></h3><pre><code class="python language-python">import datetime</code></pre><h3 id="getting-current-date-and-time">Getting Current Date and Time</h3><p>Get the current date and time using <code>datetime.datetime.now()</code>.</p><pre><code class="python language-python">current_datetime = datetime.datetime.now()
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print("Current datetime:", current_datetime)</code></pre><h3 id="creating-date-objects">Creating Date Objects</h3><p>To create a date object, use <code>datetime.date</code>, specifying the year, month, and day.</p><pre><code class="python language-python">some_date = datetime.date(2021, 9, 30)
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print("Some date:", some_date)</code></pre><h3 id="creating-time-objects">Creating Time Objects</h3><p>To create a time object, use <code>datetime.time</code>, specifying the hour, minute, second, and optionally microsecond.</p><pre><code class="python language-python">some_time = datetime.time(13, 24, 56)
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print("Some time:", some_time)</code></pre><h3 id="creating-datetime-objects">Creating Datetime Objects</h3><p>To create a datetime object, use <code>datetime.datetime</code>.</p><pre><code class="python language-python">some_datetime = datetime.datetime(2021, 9, 30, 13, 24, 56)
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print("Some datetime:", some_datetime)</code></pre><h3 id="extracting-components">Extracting components</h3><p>Extract components from a datetime object:</p><pre><code class="python language-python">print("Year:", some_datetime.year)
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print("Month:", some_datetime.month)
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print("Day:", some_datetime.day)
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print("Hour:", some_datetime.hour)
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print("Minute:", some_datetime.minute)
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print("Second:", some_datetime.second)</code></pre><h3 id="formatting-datetime-objects-strftime">Formatting <code>datetime</code> objects: <code>strftime</code></h3><p>The <code>strftime</code> method (<em>string format time</em>) converts a datetime object to a string according to the specified format.</p><p>This would typically be used when we have been working with a computer-friendly format of a date such as unix seconds which we then want to output in a more readable format.</p><p>Use <code>strftime</code> to express the current date as YYYY-MM:</p><pre><code class="python language-python">now = datetime.now()
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formatted = now.strftime('%Y-%m')
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print(formatted)
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# 2024-06</code></pre><p>Express the current date as YYYY-MM-DD H:M:S:</p><pre><code class="python language-python">formatted_datetime = some_datetime.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
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print("Formatted datetime:", formatted_datetime)</code></pre><p>Express a <a href="./Time_and_computers.md">unix timestamp</a> as DD-MM-YYYY:</p><pre><code class="py language-py">def convert_timestamp(timestamp):
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date_object = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp)
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formatted_date = date_object.strftime("%d-%m-%Y")
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return formatted_date
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converted = convert_timestamp(1689023491)
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print(converted)
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# 10-07-2023</code></pre><h3 id="parsing-datetime-strings-strptime">Parsing <code>datetime</code> strings: <code>strptime</code>.</h3><p>The <code>strptime</code> (<em>string_parse_time) method</em> parses a string representing a date and/or a time according to a specified format and returns a <code>datetime</code> object.</p><p>Typically be used when want to carry out some sort of transformation on time data that we are sourcing in a particular format.</p><p>Receive a date in the format DD-MM-YYYY and convert to datetime object:</p><pre><code class="python language-python">date_string = "18-06-2024"
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datetime_object = datetime.strptime(date_string, '%d-%m-%Y')
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print(date_object) # 2024-06-18 00:00:00</code></pre><p>Extract the year from a UTC date format:</p><pre><code class="python language-python">datetime_obj = datetime.strptime("2024-03-27T10:44:28Z", "%Y%m%dT%H%M%SZ")
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print(datetime_obj.strftime('%Y'))
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# 2024
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</code></pre></div></article><nav class="ui attached segment deemphasized bottomPane" id="neuron-tags-pane"><div><span class="ui basic label zettel-tag" title="Tag">python</span><span class="ui basic label zettel-tag" title="Tag">time</span></div></nav><nav class="ui bottom attached icon compact inverted menu blue" id="neuron-nav-bar"><!--replace-start-9--><!--replace-end-9--><a class="right item" href="impulse.html" title="Open Impulse"><i class="wave square icon"></i></a></nav></div></div><!--replace-end-6--><!--replace-end-3--><!--replace-end-2--><div class="ui center aligned container footer-version"><div class="ui tiny image"><a href="https://neuron.zettel.page"><img alt="logo" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/srid/neuron/master/assets/neuron.svg" title="Generated by Neuron 1.9.35.3" /></a></div></div></div></body></html> |