Autosave: 2024-11-04 14:07:03
|  | @ -28,7 +28,10 @@ | |||
| 
 | ||||
|   body blockquote { | ||||
|     border-left-width: 3px !important; | ||||
|     border-left-color: #458588 !important; | ||||
|     background-color: #f2e5bc !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .headerFont, | ||||
|   .ui.header, | ||||
|   body h1, | ||||
|  | @ -37,20 +40,284 @@ | |||
|   h4, | ||||
|   h5, | ||||
|   h6 { | ||||
|     font-family: "IBM Plex Sans Condensed" !important; | ||||
|     font-family: "IBM Plex Sans" !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
|   body p { | ||||
|     line-height: 1.4; | ||||
|     /* line-height: 1.3; */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .monoFont, | ||||
|   body code, | ||||
|   pre, | ||||
|   tt { | ||||
|     font-family: "IBM Plex Mono" !important; | ||||
|     font-size: 12px !important; | ||||
|     line-height: 1.4 !important; | ||||
|     /* line-height: 1.3 !important; */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
|   img[alt~="not-by-ai-badge"] { | ||||
|     width: 100px; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   #neuron-nav-bar { | ||||
|     background-color: #458588; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   #neuron-nav-bar a.right { | ||||
|     display: none; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .ui .center img { | ||||
|     display: none; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   body { | ||||
|     background-color: #ebdbb2 !important; | ||||
|     color: #282828; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .zettel-view article.zettel-content { | ||||
|     background-color: #f9f5d7 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
|   a, | ||||
|   body span.zettel-link-container span.zettel-link a, | ||||
|   body .deemphasized:not(:hover) a { | ||||
|     color: #458588 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .deemphasized:not(:hover) a { | ||||
|     color: #458588 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   body .zettel-content h1#title-h1 { | ||||
|     background-color: #458588; | ||||
|     color: #f9f5d7; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .ui.raised.raised.segment, | ||||
|   .ui.raised.raised.segments { | ||||
|     box-shadow: none; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .ui.raised.attached.segment.zettel-content { | ||||
|     border: none; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   #neuron-backlinks-pane, | ||||
|   #neuron-tags-pane { | ||||
|     background-color: #3c3836; | ||||
|     border: none; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   #neuron-backlinks-pane h3.ui.header, | ||||
|   #neuron-backlinks-pane p, | ||||
|   #neuron-backlinks-pane > ul > li > ul > li > div { | ||||
|     color: #ebdbb2 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   #neuron-backlinks-pane ul li::marker { | ||||
|     color: #ebdbb2 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
|   #neuron-backlinks-pane > ul > li > ul > li > div > p > a, | ||||
|   #neuron-backlinks-pane ul li span.zettel-link a { | ||||
|     color: #83a598 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   body .deemphasized:not(:hover), | ||||
|   body .deemphasized:hover { | ||||
|     opacity: 1; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   #neuron-nav-bar { | ||||
|     border-radius: 0; | ||||
|   } | ||||
|   .ui.basic.label.zettel-tag { | ||||
|     background-color: #458588; | ||||
|     border-radius: 0; | ||||
|     border: none; | ||||
|     color: #f9f5c7; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   body div.zettel-view .zettel-content p code, | ||||
|   li code, | ||||
|   ol code { | ||||
|     padding: 0; | ||||
|     font-size: 13px !important; | ||||
|     background: transparent; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   code[class*="language-"], | ||||
|   pre[class*="language-"] { | ||||
|     text-shadow: none; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .ui table { | ||||
|     background-color: #f9f5d7 !important; | ||||
|     border-radius: 0 !important; | ||||
|     border-color: #3c3836 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .ui.table > thead > tr > th { | ||||
|     background-color: #3c3836 !important; | ||||
|     border-radius: 0 !important; | ||||
|     color: #f9f5d7 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   body span.zettel-link-container.errors { | ||||
|     border-color: #cc241d; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   body span.zettel-link-container.errors span.zettel-link a { | ||||
|     color: #cc241d !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   body span.zettel-link-container.errors span.zettel-link a:hover { | ||||
|     background-color: #fb483460 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   /** | ||||
|  * Gruvbox light theme | ||||
|  * | ||||
|  * Based on Gruvbox: https://github.com/morhetz/gruvbox | ||||
|  * Adapted from PrismJS gruvbox-dark theme: https://github.com/schnerring/prism-themes/blob/master/themes/prism-gruvbox-dark.css | ||||
|  * | ||||
|  * @author Michael Schnerring (https://schnerring.net) | ||||
|  * @version 1.0 | ||||
|  */ | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   code[class*="language-"], | ||||
|   pre[class*="language-"] { | ||||
|     color: #3c3836; /* fg1 / fg */ | ||||
|     font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", monospace; | ||||
|     direction: ltr; | ||||
|     text-align: left; | ||||
|     white-space: pre; | ||||
|     word-spacing: normal; | ||||
|     word-break: normal; | ||||
|     line-height: 1.5; | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|     -moz-tab-size: 4; | ||||
|     -o-tab-size: 4; | ||||
|     tab-size: 4; | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|     -webkit-hyphens: none; | ||||
|     -moz-hyphens: none; | ||||
|     -ms-hyphens: none; | ||||
|     hyphens: none; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   pre[class*="language-"]::-moz-selection, | ||||
|   pre[class*="language-"] ::-moz-selection, | ||||
|   code[class*="language-"]::-moz-selection, | ||||
|   code[class*="language-"] ::-moz-selection { | ||||
|     color: #282828; /* fg0 */ | ||||
|     background: #fbf1c7; /* bg4 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   pre[class*="language-"]::selection, | ||||
|   pre[class*="language-"] ::selection, | ||||
|   code[class*="language-"]::selection, | ||||
|   code[class*="language-"] ::selection { | ||||
|     color: #282828; /* fg0 */ | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|     background: #fbf1c7; /* bg4 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   /* Code blocks */ | ||||
|   pre[class*="language-"] { | ||||
|     padding: 1em; | ||||
|     margin: 0.5em 0; | ||||
|     overflow: auto; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   :not(pre) > code[class*="language-"], | ||||
|   pre[class*="language-"] { | ||||
|     background: #f9f5d7; /* bg4 */ | ||||
|     border: 1px solid #a89984; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   /* Inline code */ | ||||
|   :not(pre) > code[class*="language-"] { | ||||
|     padding: 0.1em; | ||||
|     border-radius: 0.3em; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.comment, | ||||
|   .token.prolog, | ||||
|   .token.cdata { | ||||
|     color: #7c6f64; /* fg4 / gray1 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.delimiter, | ||||
|   .token.boolean, | ||||
|   .token.keyword, | ||||
|   .token.selector, | ||||
|   .token.important, | ||||
|   .token.atrule { | ||||
|     color: #9d0006; /* red2 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.operator, | ||||
|   .token.punctuation, | ||||
|   .token.attr-name { | ||||
|     color: #7c6f64; /* fg4 / gray1 */ | ||||
|     background: transparent; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.tag, | ||||
|   .token.tag .punctuation, | ||||
|   .token.doctype, | ||||
|   .token.builtin { | ||||
|     color: #b57614; /* yellow2 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.entity, | ||||
|   .token.number, | ||||
|   .token.symbol { | ||||
|     color: #8f3f71; /* purple2 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.property, | ||||
|   .token.constant, | ||||
|   .token.variable { | ||||
|     color: #9d0006; /* red2 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.string, | ||||
|   .token.char { | ||||
|     color: #797403; /* green2 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.attr-value, | ||||
|   .token.attr-value .punctuation { | ||||
|     color: #7c6f64; /* fg4 / gray1 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.url { | ||||
|     color: #797403; /* green2 */ | ||||
|     text-decoration: underline; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.function { | ||||
|     color: #b57614; /* yellow2 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.regex { | ||||
|     background: #797403; /* green2 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.bold { | ||||
|     font-weight: bold; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.italic { | ||||
|     font-style: italic; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.inserted { | ||||
|     background: #7c6f64; /* fg4 / gray1 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.deleted { | ||||
|     background: #9d0006; /* red2 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| </style> | ||||
|  |  | |||
|  | @ -1,56 +0,0 @@ | |||
| <script | ||||
|   async="" | ||||
|   id="MathJax-script" | ||||
|   src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-mml-chtml.js" | ||||
| ></script> | ||||
| <link | ||||
|   href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.23.0/themes/prism.min.css" | ||||
|   rel="stylesheet" | ||||
| /><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com" /><link | ||||
|   rel="preconnect" | ||||
|   href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" | ||||
|   crossorigin | ||||
| /><link | ||||
|   href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=IBM+Plex+Mono:ital,wght@0,100;0,200;0,300;0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;1,100;1,200;1,300;1,400;1,500;1,600;1,700&family=IBM+Plex+Sans+Condensed:ital,wght@0,100;0,200;0,300;0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;1,100;1,200;1,300;1,400;1,500;1,600;1,700&family=IBM+Plex+Sans:ital,wght@0,100;0,200;0,300;0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;1,100;1,200;1,300;1,400;1,500;1,600;1,700&family=IBM+Plex+Serif:ital,wght@0,100;0,200;0,300;0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;1,100;1,200;1,300;1,400;1,500;1,600;1,700&display=swap" | ||||
|   rel="stylesheet" | ||||
| /> | ||||
| <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.23.0/components/prism-core.min.js"></script> | ||||
| <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.23.0/plugins/autoloader/prism-autoloader.min.js"></script> | ||||
| <style> | ||||
|   body .ui.container, | ||||
|   body ul { | ||||
|     font-family: "IBM Plex Sans" !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
|   body h2, | ||||
|   body div.zettel-view .zettel-content h2 { | ||||
|     border-bottom: none !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   body blockquote { | ||||
|     border-left-width: 3px !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
|   .headerFont, | ||||
|   .ui.header, | ||||
|   body h1, | ||||
|   h2, | ||||
|   h3, | ||||
|   h4, | ||||
|   h5, | ||||
|   h6 { | ||||
|     font-family: "IBM Plex Sans Condensed" !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
|   body p { | ||||
|     line-height: 1.4; | ||||
|   } | ||||
|   .monoFont, | ||||
|   body code, | ||||
|   pre, | ||||
|   tt { | ||||
|     font-family: "IBM Plex Mono" !important; | ||||
|     font-size: 12px !important; | ||||
|     line-height: 1.4 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
|   img[alt~="not-by-ai-badge"] { | ||||
|     width: 100px; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| </style> | ||||
|  | @ -16,6 +16,18 @@ tags: [python, OOP] | |||
|   constructor. As long as they are defined in the constructor they are | ||||
|   accessible. | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| ## Class properties | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| In contrast to other languages, you do not need to declare any properties you | ||||
| wish to use in the class at the top before you can assign to them. This is true | ||||
| whether you define them in the constructor or not. | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| Instead, you can create properties just by invoking `self.some_property_name` in | ||||
| the course of your code and Python will create the variable implicitly. | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| For continuity with other languages you may however define them at the top of | ||||
| the class if you wish. | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| ## Basic syntax | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| ```py | ||||
|  | @ -82,8 +94,8 @@ class Person: | |||
| 
 | ||||
| ## Object references | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| When you log a class you get a reference to its hexadecimal | ||||
| [memory](Memory.md) reference. | ||||
| When you log a class you get a reference to its hexadecimal [memory](Memory.md) | ||||
| reference. | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| ```py | ||||
| p1 = Person('John', 36) | ||||
|  | @ -109,8 +121,7 @@ print(id(p2)) | |||
| 
 | ||||
| ## Copying objects | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| The same principle that applies to | ||||
| [copying functions](Functions_in_Python.md) | ||||
| The same principle that applies to [copying functions](Functions_in_Python.md) | ||||
| applies to copying objects created through classes: redeclaration results in a | ||||
| duplicate entity. Thus changes to the duplicate will affect the original. | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|  | @ -22,3 +22,12 @@ os.rename('original-file-name.txt', 'new-file-name.txt') | |||
| import os | ||||
| os.remove('file-name.txt') | ||||
| ``` | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| ## Check file exists | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| ```python | ||||
| import os | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| file_exists = os.exists('/file/path') | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| ``` | ||||
							
								
								
									
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								neuron/cd6bdaba-031a-4daf-adf2-ef3b075243e6/head.html
									
										
									
									
									
										Normal file
									
								
							
							
						
						|  | @ -0,0 +1,323 @@ | |||
| <script | ||||
|   async="" | ||||
|   id="MathJax-script" | ||||
|   src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-mml-chtml.js" | ||||
| ></script> | ||||
| <link | ||||
|   href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.23.0/themes/prism.min.css" | ||||
|   rel="stylesheet" | ||||
| /><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com" /><link | ||||
|   rel="preconnect" | ||||
|   href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" | ||||
|   crossorigin | ||||
| /><link | ||||
|   href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=IBM+Plex+Mono:ital,wght@0,100;0,200;0,300;0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;1,100;1,200;1,300;1,400;1,500;1,600;1,700&family=IBM+Plex+Sans+Condensed:ital,wght@0,100;0,200;0,300;0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;1,100;1,200;1,300;1,400;1,500;1,600;1,700&family=IBM+Plex+Sans:ital,wght@0,100;0,200;0,300;0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;1,100;1,200;1,300;1,400;1,500;1,600;1,700&family=IBM+Plex+Serif:ital,wght@0,100;0,200;0,300;0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;1,100;1,200;1,300;1,400;1,500;1,600;1,700&display=swap" | ||||
|   rel="stylesheet" | ||||
| /> | ||||
| <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.23.0/components/prism-core.min.js"></script> | ||||
| <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.23.0/plugins/autoloader/prism-autoloader.min.js"></script> | ||||
| <style> | ||||
|   body .ui.container, | ||||
|   body ul { | ||||
|     font-family: "IBM Plex Sans" !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
|   body h2, | ||||
|   body div.zettel-view .zettel-content h2 { | ||||
|     border-bottom: none !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   body blockquote { | ||||
|     border-left-width: 3px !important; | ||||
|     border-left-color: #458588 !important; | ||||
|     background-color: #f2e5bc !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .headerFont, | ||||
|   .ui.header, | ||||
|   body h1, | ||||
|   h2, | ||||
|   h3, | ||||
|   h4, | ||||
|   h5, | ||||
|   h6 { | ||||
|     font-family: "IBM Plex Sans" !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
|   body p { | ||||
|     /* line-height: 1.3; */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .monoFont, | ||||
|   body code, | ||||
|   pre, | ||||
|   tt { | ||||
|     font-family: "IBM Plex Mono" !important; | ||||
|     font-size: 12px !important; | ||||
|     /* line-height: 1.3 !important; */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
|   img[alt~="not-by-ai-badge"] { | ||||
|     width: 100px; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   #neuron-nav-bar { | ||||
|     background-color: #458588; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   #neuron-nav-bar a.right { | ||||
|     display: none; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .ui .center img { | ||||
|     display: none; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   body { | ||||
|     background-color: #ebdbb2 !important; | ||||
|     color: #282828; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .zettel-view article.zettel-content { | ||||
|     background-color: #f9f5d7 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
|   a, | ||||
|   body span.zettel-link-container span.zettel-link a, | ||||
|   body .deemphasized:not(:hover) a { | ||||
|     color: #458588 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .deemphasized:not(:hover) a { | ||||
|     color: #458588 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   body .zettel-content h1#title-h1 { | ||||
|     background-color: #458588; | ||||
|     color: #f9f5d7; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .ui.raised.raised.segment, | ||||
|   .ui.raised.raised.segments { | ||||
|     box-shadow: none; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .ui.raised.attached.segment.zettel-content { | ||||
|     border: none; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   #neuron-backlinks-pane, | ||||
|   #neuron-tags-pane { | ||||
|     background-color: #3c3836; | ||||
|     border: none; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   #neuron-backlinks-pane h3.ui.header, | ||||
|   #neuron-backlinks-pane p, | ||||
|   #neuron-backlinks-pane > ul > li > ul > li > div { | ||||
|     color: #ebdbb2 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   #neuron-backlinks-pane ul li::marker { | ||||
|     color: #ebdbb2 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
|   #neuron-backlinks-pane > ul > li > ul > li > div > p > a, | ||||
|   #neuron-backlinks-pane ul li span.zettel-link a { | ||||
|     color: #83a598 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   body .deemphasized:not(:hover), | ||||
|   body .deemphasized:hover { | ||||
|     opacity: 1; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   #neuron-nav-bar { | ||||
|     border-radius: 0; | ||||
|   } | ||||
|   .ui.basic.label.zettel-tag { | ||||
|     background-color: #458588; | ||||
|     border-radius: 0; | ||||
|     border: none; | ||||
|     color: #f9f5c7; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   body div.zettel-view .zettel-content p code, | ||||
|   li code, | ||||
|   ol code { | ||||
|     padding: 0; | ||||
|     font-size: 13px !important; | ||||
|     background: transparent; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   code[class*="language-"], | ||||
|   pre[class*="language-"] { | ||||
|     text-shadow: none; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .ui table { | ||||
|     background-color: #f9f5d7 !important; | ||||
|     border-radius: 0 !important; | ||||
|     border-color: #3c3836 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .ui.table > thead > tr > th { | ||||
|     background-color: #3c3836 !important; | ||||
|     border-radius: 0 !important; | ||||
|     color: #f9f5d7 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   body span.zettel-link-container.errors { | ||||
|     border-color: #cc241d; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   body span.zettel-link-container.errors span.zettel-link a { | ||||
|     color: #cc241d !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   body span.zettel-link-container.errors span.zettel-link a:hover { | ||||
|     background-color: #fb483460 !important; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   /** | ||||
|  * Gruvbox light theme | ||||
|  * | ||||
|  * Based on Gruvbox: https://github.com/morhetz/gruvbox | ||||
|  * Adapted from PrismJS gruvbox-dark theme: https://github.com/schnerring/prism-themes/blob/master/themes/prism-gruvbox-dark.css | ||||
|  * | ||||
|  * @author Michael Schnerring (https://schnerring.net) | ||||
|  * @version 1.0 | ||||
|  */ | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   code[class*="language-"], | ||||
|   pre[class*="language-"] { | ||||
|     color: #3c3836; /* fg1 / fg */ | ||||
|     font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", monospace; | ||||
|     direction: ltr; | ||||
|     text-align: left; | ||||
|     white-space: pre; | ||||
|     word-spacing: normal; | ||||
|     word-break: normal; | ||||
|     line-height: 1.5; | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|     -moz-tab-size: 4; | ||||
|     -o-tab-size: 4; | ||||
|     tab-size: 4; | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|     -webkit-hyphens: none; | ||||
|     -moz-hyphens: none; | ||||
|     -ms-hyphens: none; | ||||
|     hyphens: none; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   pre[class*="language-"]::-moz-selection, | ||||
|   pre[class*="language-"] ::-moz-selection, | ||||
|   code[class*="language-"]::-moz-selection, | ||||
|   code[class*="language-"] ::-moz-selection { | ||||
|     color: #282828; /* fg0 */ | ||||
|     background: #fbf1c7; /* bg4 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   pre[class*="language-"]::selection, | ||||
|   pre[class*="language-"] ::selection, | ||||
|   code[class*="language-"]::selection, | ||||
|   code[class*="language-"] ::selection { | ||||
|     color: #282828; /* fg0 */ | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|     background: #fbf1c7; /* bg4 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   /* Code blocks */ | ||||
|   pre[class*="language-"] { | ||||
|     padding: 1em; | ||||
|     margin: 0.5em 0; | ||||
|     overflow: auto; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   :not(pre) > code[class*="language-"], | ||||
|   pre[class*="language-"] { | ||||
|     background: #f9f5d7; /* bg4 */ | ||||
|     border: 1px solid #a89984; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   /* Inline code */ | ||||
|   :not(pre) > code[class*="language-"] { | ||||
|     padding: 0.1em; | ||||
|     border-radius: 0.3em; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.comment, | ||||
|   .token.prolog, | ||||
|   .token.cdata { | ||||
|     color: #7c6f64; /* fg4 / gray1 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.delimiter, | ||||
|   .token.boolean, | ||||
|   .token.keyword, | ||||
|   .token.selector, | ||||
|   .token.important, | ||||
|   .token.atrule { | ||||
|     color: #9d0006; /* red2 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.operator, | ||||
|   .token.punctuation, | ||||
|   .token.attr-name { | ||||
|     color: #7c6f64; /* fg4 / gray1 */ | ||||
|     background: transparent; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.tag, | ||||
|   .token.tag .punctuation, | ||||
|   .token.doctype, | ||||
|   .token.builtin { | ||||
|     color: #b57614; /* yellow2 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.entity, | ||||
|   .token.number, | ||||
|   .token.symbol { | ||||
|     color: #8f3f71; /* purple2 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.property, | ||||
|   .token.constant, | ||||
|   .token.variable { | ||||
|     color: #9d0006; /* red2 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.string, | ||||
|   .token.char { | ||||
|     color: #797403; /* green2 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.attr-value, | ||||
|   .token.attr-value .punctuation { | ||||
|     color: #7c6f64; /* fg4 / gray1 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.url { | ||||
|     color: #797403; /* green2 */ | ||||
|     text-decoration: underline; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.function { | ||||
|     color: #b57614; /* yellow2 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.regex { | ||||
|     background: #797403; /* green2 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.bold { | ||||
|     font-weight: bold; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.italic { | ||||
|     font-style: italic; | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.inserted { | ||||
|     background: #7c6f64; /* fg4 / gray1 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|   .token.deleted { | ||||
|     background: #9d0006; /* red2 */ | ||||
|   } | ||||
| </style> | ||||
|  | @ -13,20 +13,20 @@ computer science. | |||
| 
 | ||||
|  | ||||
|   | ||||
| **Build ID:** 3e9c8244-6ff9-4b0e-85f5-e82db8665849 | ||||
| **Build ID:** cd6bdaba-031a-4daf-adf2-ef3b075243e6 | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| **Published:** Fri 01 Nov 2024 16:51:34 | ||||
| **Published:** Mon 04 Nov 2024 14:07:02 | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| ### Recent edits  | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| - [[Classes_in_Python]]  | ||||
| - [[File_operations_in_Python]]  | ||||
| - [[Lists_in_Python]]  | ||||
| - [[Dictionaries_in_Python]]  | ||||
| - [[Bell_System]]  | ||||
| - [[Bolt_Beranek_and_Newman]]  | ||||
| - [[4da22434_from_ARPANET_to_Internet]]  | ||||
| - [[3f1b9fe5_motivation_Berners_Lee]]  | ||||
| - [[4a3dc316_key_figures_ARPANET]]  | ||||
| - [[82f9c228_dissolution_of_ARPANET]]  | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| 
 | ||||
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|  | @ -16,6 +16,18 @@ tags: [python, OOP] | |||
|   constructor. As long as they are defined in the constructor they are | ||||
|   accessible. | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| ## Class properties | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| In contrast to other languages, you do not need to declare any properties you | ||||
| wish to use in the class at the top before you can assign to them. This is true | ||||
| whether you define them in the constructor or not. | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| Instead, you can create properties just by invoking `self.some_property_name` in | ||||
| the course of your code and Python will create the variable implicitly. | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| For continuity with other languages you may however define them at the top of | ||||
| the class if you wish. | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| ## Basic syntax | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| ```py | ||||
|  | @ -82,8 +94,8 @@ class Person: | |||
| 
 | ||||
| ## Object references | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| When you log a class you get a reference to its hexadecimal | ||||
| [memory](Memory.md) reference. | ||||
| When you log a class you get a reference to its hexadecimal [memory](Memory.md) | ||||
| reference. | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| ```py | ||||
| p1 = Person('John', 36) | ||||
|  | @ -109,8 +121,7 @@ print(id(p2)) | |||
| 
 | ||||
| ## Copying objects | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| The same principle that applies to | ||||
| [copying functions](Functions_in_Python.md) | ||||
| The same principle that applies to [copying functions](Functions_in_Python.md) | ||||
| applies to copying objects created through classes: redeclaration results in a | ||||
| duplicate entity. Thus changes to the duplicate will affect the original. | ||||
| 
 | ||||
|  |  | |||
|  | @ -22,3 +22,12 @@ os.rename('original-file-name.txt', 'new-file-name.txt') | |||
| import os | ||||
| os.remove('file-name.txt') | ||||
| ``` | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| ## Check file exists | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| ```python | ||||
| import os | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| file_exists = os.exists('/file/path') | ||||
| 
 | ||||
| ``` | ||||
|  |  | |||
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						thomasabishop