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zk/Current.md
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@ -5,23 +5,21 @@ tags: [physics, electricity]
# Current # Current
> Electrical current is the movement of electrons from negatively charged atoms > Electrical current is the movement of electrons from negatively charged atoms
> to negatively charged atoms when an appropriate external force is applied. > to positively charged atoms when an appropriate external force is applied.
So current is the flow of electrons. Charge is the quantity that flows. Current is the flow of electrons. Charge is the quantity that flows.
> The amount of current is the sum of the charges of the moving electrons past a > The amount of current is the sum of the charges of the moving electrons past a
> given point. > given point.
## Why current exists ## Why current exists
Current exists because of the Current exists because of the [first law of electrostatics](Coulombs_Laws.md).
[first law of electrostatics](Coulombs_Laws.md).
When there is an excess of electrons at one terminal (i.e. negatively charged When there is an excess of electrons at one terminal (i.e. negatively charged
atoms) and a deficiency of electrons at the other terminal (i.e. positively atoms) and a deficiency of electrons at the other terminal (i.e. positively
charged atoms), a charged atoms), a [_difference of potential_](Voltage.md) exists between the two
[_difference of potential_](Voltage.md) terminals.
exists between the two terminals.
When the terminals are connected to each other via a conductor (e.g. copper When the terminals are connected to each other via a conductor (e.g. copper
wire) electrons will flow along the conductor. This is provided that there is a wire) electrons will flow along the conductor. This is provided that there is a
@ -41,7 +39,7 @@ electrons knocking into each other and passing current:_
We measure **charge** in Coulombs ($C$). A Coulomb is an aggregate of the charge We measure **charge** in Coulombs ($C$). A Coulomb is an aggregate of the charge
of thousands of electrons because their individual charge is so small. One of thousands of electrons because their individual charge is so small. One
Coulomb is equal to the charge of $6.24 \cdot 10 ^{18}$ electrons. Coulomb is equal to the charge of $6.24 \times 10 ^{18}$ electrons.
We measure **current** in amps. When one coulomb of charge moves past a point in We measure **current** in amps. When one coulomb of charge moves past a point in
one second it is called an **ampere** (amp) represented as $A$. one second it is called an **ampere** (amp) represented as $A$.

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zk/Voltage.md
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tags: [physics, electricity] tags: [physics, electricity]
--- ---
## Difference of potential and the tranfer of energy ## Difference of potential and the transfer of energy
We noted in the discussion of We noted in the discussion of
[current](Current.md) that current [current](Current.md) that current