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thomasabishop 2022-12-25 15:30:05 +00:00
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@ -20,8 +20,9 @@ $$
\{ \lnot F \lor D, F, D \rightarrow (G \land H) \} \vdash G \land H
$$
We would establish $\sim F \lor D, F, D \supset (G & H)$ as primary assumptions and then, using the derivation rules of the system conclude with $G&H$. Every sentence in the derivation is either a **primary assumption** or an **auxiliary** assumption or justified by the rules of the derivation. An auxiliary assumption is one belonging to a sub-derivation. The primary assumptions belong to the main derivation.
For any given derivation of the form $\Gamma \vdash P$ there may be a number of ways of demonstrating the derivation (more than one application of the rules governing the system) but only one is sufficient to establish derivability.
We would establish $\lnot F \lor D, F, D \rightarrow (G \land H)$ as primary assumptions and then, using the derivation rules of the system conclude with $G\land H$. Every sentence in the derivation is either a **primary assumption** or an **auxiliary** assumption or justified by the rules of the derivation.
An auxiliary assumption is an assumption belonging to a sub-derivation. Primary assumptions belong to the main derivation. For any given derivation of the form $\Gamma \vdash P$ there may be a number of ways of demonstrating the derivation (more than one application of the rules governing the system) but one alone is sufficient to establish derivability.
> We will tend to use the terms _derivation_ and _proof_ interchangeably but we should note that there is a technical distinction in that a **proof is a derivation in which all of the assumptions have been discharged**
@ -31,13 +32,14 @@ We place assumptions above derivations and mark them _A_ in the right-hand margi
We divide assumptions from derivations with a horizontal line. We number each line and use this to refer to the line we are applying the derivation to. Sub-proofs follow this structure recursively.
This is known as _Fitch notation_
_Schematically_
![proofs-drawio-Page-5.drawio.png](../img/proofs-drawio-Page-5.drawio.png)
_Schematically_:
_Applied example_
![](/img/proofs-drawio-Page-5.drawio.png)
![proofs-drawio-Page-6.drawio.png](../img/proofs-drawio-Page-6.drawio.png)
_Applied example_:
![](/img/proofs-drawio-Page-6.drawio.png)
## Sub-proofs
@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ When a sub-proof is terminated, the assumption with which it starts is said to b
## Derivation rules
Derivation rules are [syntactic](Syntax%20of%20sentential%20logic.md) rather than semantic. They are applied on the basis of their form rather than on the basis of the truth conditions of the sentences they are applied to.
Derivation rules are [syntactic](/Logic/Propositional_logic/Syntax_of_sentential_logic.md) rather than semantic. They are applied on the basis of their form rather than on the basis of the truth conditions of the sentences they are applied to.
> Derivation rules can be applied without having an interpretation of the symbols in mind. A derivation rule tells us that: given a group of symbols with a certain structure, we can write down another group of symbols with a certain structure.
@ -53,13 +55,13 @@ Each of the main logical connectives has an associated derivation rule. The bina
The main derivation rules:
- [Negation Introduction](Negation%20Introduction.md)
- [Negation Elimination](Negation%20Elimination.md)
- [Conjunction Introduction](Conjunction%20Introduction.md)
- [Conjunction Elimination](Conjunction%20Elimination.md)
- [Disjunction Introduction](Disjunction%20Introduction.md)
- [Disjunction Elimination](Disjunction%20Elimination.md)
- [Conditional Introduction](Conditional%20Introduction.md)
- [Disjunction Elimination](Disjunction%20Elimination.md)
- [Biconditional Introduction](Biconditional%20Introduction.md)
- [Biconditional Elimination](Biconditional%20Elimination.md)
- [Negation Introduction](/Logic/Proofs/Negation_Introduction.md)
- [Negation Elimination](/Logic/Proofs/Negation_Elimination.md)
- [Conjunction Introduction](/Logic/Proofs/Conjunction_Introduction.md)
- [Conjunction Elimination](/Logic/Proofs/Conditional_Elimination.md)
- [Disjunction Introduction](/Logic/Proofs/Disjunction_Introduction.md)
- [Disjunction Elimination](/Logic/Proofs/Disjunction_Elimination.md)
- [Conditional Introduction](/Logic/Proofs/Conditional_Introduction.md)
- [Disjunction Elimination](/Logic/Proofs/Disjunction_Elimination.md)
- [Biconditional Introduction](/Logic/Proofs/Biconditional_Introduction.md)
- [Biconditional Elimination](/Logic/Proofs/Biconditional_Elimination.md)