2024-08-23 09:00:03 +01:00
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---
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title: Very_Short_History_of_Computing_2022
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tags: [literature, computer-history]
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created: Friday, August 23, 2024
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---
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2024-08-23 10:00:02 +01:00
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# _The History of Computing: A Very Short Introduction_
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| Title | Author | Publication date | Resource type |
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| --------------------------------------------------- | ----------- | ---------------- | ------------- |
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| The History of Computing: A Very Short Introduction | Doron Swade | 2022 | Book |
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## Timeline
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A typical timeline approach rooted in major innovations.
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- Ancient aids to counting: knotted cords and notched sticks
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- Ancient aids to calculation: counting boards and abacii
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- Early mechanical calculator devices in the 17th century (number wheels,
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Pascal, Leibniz)
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- Modern aids to calculation: slide rules following the discovery of
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[logarithms](Logarithms.md)
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- Mechanized calculating engines of Babbage in the 19th century
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- Punched-card machines leading to IBM in the early 20th century
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- Analogue and electro-mechanical computers of the early 20th century inclusive
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of wartime computers
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- Early valve-based (vacuum-tubed) digital computers (again wartime and early
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Cold War)
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- The invention of the transistor and first fully-digital computers
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- The invention of [integrated_circuits](Integrated_circuits.md)
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- Supercomputers
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- Minicomputers
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- Consumer personal computers
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- Internet and later, Web
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- Smart phones
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